Výstavba II. etapy v Okružní ulici: uprostřed dvojdomek Drofa I (Photoclub Zruč nad
    Sázavou).

Semi-detached house Drofa I

One of the three types of semi-detached houses built in the so-called lower colony on the western side of the company housing estate in Zruč nad Sázavou - Bat'a is a semi-detached house bearing the name of its author Miroslav Drofa. With fourteen completed buildings, it is the most frequently represented type of semi-detached house.

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Revoluční 670/671

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As with other buildings in this locality, its model was one of the houses in the experimental colony Lesní čtvrt' in Zlín. It was built on the basis of new requirements of the Bata concern, which at the end of the 1930s preferred greater diversity in both interior and exterior design. In Zlín, we can find interesting solutions of interior layouts and facades. The second stage of the Zruč housing estate construction began in mid-1940 and ended in early 1941. According to the original regulatory plans, the residential area was to continue through Chabeřická Street to Na Pohoří. However, due to the subsequent ban on construction by the occupation authorities, the entire housing estate was not realized.

The simple cubic shape of the Drofa I semi-detached house distinguishes it from the Zruč 1939 and Florián types. Compared to them, it also has wider windows in the living rooms and bedrooms on the front facade. On the rear facade, the kitchen windows are complemented by equally tall narrow windows from the toilets. Compared to the houses Zruč 1939 and Florián, it is 80 cm wider but 60 cm shorter. In terms of built-up area, however, the buildings are almost identical. Florián and Zruč 1939, however, have a four-metre extension.

The Drofa I semi-detached house during construction (Zruč nad Sázavou Photoclub).

The entrance door is covered by a balcony, the security of which is made in two different ways: in the houses in Okružní Street we encounter a concrete wall, while in the houses in Revoluční Street a more subtle metal railing was used. The internal arrangement was atypical. The hallway is in the shape of a pentagon due to the bevelled door to the living room. On the ground floor there is also a kitchen, a pantry, a separate toilet and a staircase to the basement. The same floor plan was used on the first floor. The bedroom is situated above the living room, while the children's room is located above the kitchen. The bathroom occupies the space above the toilet and pantry. All rooms are connected by a corridor, which also has an entrance to the balcony.

The building construction corresponds to the period standards of the Bat'a concern. The foundations and cellar are concrete, the upper structure is brick with brick partitions and the ceiling and roof structures are wooden. The living rooms had wooden floorboards; the kitchen and ancillary rooms had cement screed. Basic equipment included a boiler for boiling laundry located in the basement, a bathroom spa stove for heating water, a bathtub, a sink, and a toilet. A built-in wardrobe was located in the bedroom above the staircase. The house was connected to water and sewer and was electrified.

"Lower Colony" in 1978: in the foreground, in the middle, the house of Drofa I. (Zruč nad Sázavou Photoclub).

The houses were completed with flat roofs, but were replaced by hipped roofs during the war. Although the original plans proposed a plastered facade with distinctive elements of brickwork around the windows, doors and throughout the upper floor, the realisation in Zruč was different. Most of the houses had plain plaster, with only a few houses in Okružní Street having brick cladding around the sides of the windows or between the windows. A distinctive element was the use of contrasting colours for windows and doors, usually a combination of white with blue, green or brown.

Similarly to other buildings in Bata, the Drofa I houses underwent significant changes. With the transition to private ownership, there were frequent alterations and insulation. Many of the houses have been changed beyond recognition, but a few still retain their original character, especially in Revoluční Street.

Revoluční Street in the 1980s in the shadow of prefabricated houses (Zruč nad Sázavou Photoclub).

Author of the article

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Mgr. Jana Tomalová

Mgr. Jana Tomalová (1988) studied at the Seminar of Art History at Masaryk University in Brno. In her graduation thesis she focused on the specific architecture and urbanism of the Bata concern, especially Zruč nad Sázavou, from which she comes. In Zruč she is involved in activities connected with the Bata concern. She contributed a chapter on the construction of the factory town to the comprehensive publication Zruč nad Sázavou (2018).

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